เปิด 31 นโยบายหาเสียงพรรคเพื่อไทย
วันที่ 28 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2554 เวลา 14:44:54 น.
1. ทำเขื่อนกั้นน้ำทะเล ไม่ให้ท่วมกรุงเทพฯ แถวๆ สมุทรสาครและสมุทรปราการ ไม่ต้องกู้ |
The Democracy-Loving Thai Association of Illinois, U.S.A., (ชมรมผู้รักประชาธิปไตยไทยแห่งรัฐอิลลินอยส์, สหรัฐอเมริกา)
วันที่ 28 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2554 เวลา 14:44:54 น.
1. ทำเขื่อนกั้นน้ำทะเล ไม่ให้ท่วมกรุงเทพฯ แถวๆ สมุทรสาครและสมุทรปราการ ไม่ต้องกู้ |
| Thaksin Reveals His Ambitions |
| Written by Pavin Chachavalpongpun | |
| MONDAY, 30 MAY 2011 | |
He says he wants to come back to run the country In a wide-ranging interview with The Straits Times of Singapre from his base in Dubai, former premier-turned-fugitive Thaksin Shinawatra recently made no secret of his intention to return to Thailand and indeed run the country again. The one-hour interview covered almost all aspects of Thailand's current political crisis, with a special focus on the upcoming elections due to take place on July 3. It is certain to further irritate the Bangkok elite who, after all this time, have wanted to tear out Thaksin's legacy in politics by the roots. They thought that the coup was their effective tool in getting rid of Thaksin and his kind of politics. But the return of the ousted premier's proxies in politics in 2008, and possibly in 2011, reconfirmed that the battle against his faction was, and will be, arduous. Not only do the elite need to fight with Thaksin and his cohorts, but also his political supporters in the far-flung north and northeast regions of the kingdom. Thaksin acknowledged that he had asked his youngest sister, Yingluck Shinawatra, to represent him in the elections because he did not trust any politicians, even those in the pro-Thaksin Puea Thai party. In other words, Yingluck is simply his political nominee, just as were the late Samak Sundaravej and Somchai Wongsawat, Thaksin's brother-in-law, who all once acted as his proxies. The interview has received a mixed response in Thailand. And Thaksin, a fugitive after having been convicted in absentia of corruption, apparently realizes that his latest views would either attract more supporters or in fact create more enemies. Analysts are anxious to see if his new round of intervention will convince some Thais who are politically neutral to tilt towards the Puea Thai party. Thaksin, at the beginning of the interview, accused Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva of failing to heal the growing rifts in society after more than 30 months in power. He pledged on behalf of the Puea Thai party that if it were to be offered a chance to form a government, the party would bring back a sense of normalcy in Thai politics. "Normal not in the sense that the Democrat Party wants. They carried the flag of reconciliation for two and a half years and they failed; they made the country more divided. It is now our turn to lead the reconciliation effort," Thaksin said. In the meantime, he reiterated his support for the principle of democracy, something that his opponents would find ironic. Thaksin said, "It is time to come back to the principle that we respect the people's views. If you can your country democratic, you have to respect the people's will and then things will move on. I do not care about the criticism, I do not care about going back home or not; I care about when Thailand will come back to normal." Thaksin then touched on the most controversial topic: a surge of complaints and charges of lèse-majesté, or insulting King Bhumibol Adulyadej and members of his family. "If you respect and are loyal to His Majesty, stop showing loyalty by this stupidity; it only makes things worse," Thaksin stressed. The former premier also said that when he was in office, the King told him that he did not want to see the law used unnecessarily. Thaksin used the opportunity to emphasize that he has always paid loyalty to the King, asserting that "The military was paranoid because it alleged I wanted to turn Thailand into a republic and be president. Actually, that is not true at all. When you become a leader, you have to be strong; otherwise you cannot change things that have been chronic for many years. Then when you become strong, they say you want to be president, which is nonsense." Thaksin added, "That is why we will have a lady prime minister so they will not think the lady will do this." The interview revealed other aspects of Thaksin's personality. He apparently seeks to create a new image of an imperfect leader who indeed made mistakes in the past, but would be willing to learn from them. Regarding the protracted conflict in the Thai south, Thaksin told the Straits Times, "I admit, being a policeman you are taught to use both iron fist and velvet glove. I used more iron fist and now I regret it. I should use more velvet glove. This is what I will change." Thaksin said that if the Puea Thai won the elections, the party would grant the troubled southern provinces more autonomy, a touchy subject in the Thai political establishment, since this would allow some to question the homogeneity of the nation. Obviously, Thaksin's discussion on this subject had one key objective: to gain votes from the Southeast residents. It is known that the south has long been the Democrats' territory and Thaksin was unpopular there because of his hard-nosed policy in the past. Lastly, Thaksin's view on the ongoing conflict with Cambodia over the Preah Vihear Temple was his attempt to delegitimize the Abhisit administration. Thaksin condemned the military-led approach in dealing with Cambodia. He suggested, "We should talk, not just send in the military. If you shoot your own neighbor, how can you live together? If you are bigger or rich you should have a kind heart for people who are poorer or smaller." The interview was very comprehensive. And as the July elections draw near, Thaksin may have thought that he needed to gamble by exerting his provocative perspectives. The end result may be to see more support offered to Yingluck, or perhaps more ferocious retaliation by his political opponents in the period leading up to the judgment day in July. Pavin Chachavalpongpun is a fellow at Singapore's Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Views expressed here are his own. |
There have been some important changes in the electoral rules, resulting from two sets of constitutional amendments, Articles 93-98, these past months. The implications of these changes could be decisive in determining who gets to form the government in July.
Members of Parliament
The lower house shall comprise 500 elected representatives: 375 MPs will come from single-member constituencies, whereas 125 MPs will come from a closed-list proportional system. The constitutional amendments of 2011 have increased the number of MPs to 500 (from 480 in the 2007 election) and reduced the number of MPs from the constituency system from 400 to 375. By contrast, the number of party-list MPs increases from 80 to 125.
Constituency System
There are 375 constituencies in Thailand, each representing roughly 170,000 people. Each constituency elects one MP to parliament. Since it is a winner-takes-all system, political parties field their most seasoned politicians (or their relatives), who are often well respected and highly influential in their districts.
From Multi-Member Constituency to Single-Member Constituency
The idea of "one vote, one district" means if a party comes in second or third, their votes don't matter. Only the absolute winner gets the seat.
Party-list System
Each party fields up to 125 candidates for the same number of seats. Voters get to choose only one party for the party-list system which means he/she selects all candidates on the list. Since it is a closed-list PR voting system, each party ranks candidates based on their reputation and experience. The list is considered a "safe zone" for some candidates because if they're ranked high enough on the list they are guaranteed to be elected without having to directly compete with candidates from other parties Pheua Thai, for example, is fielding all the key Red Shirt candidates, such as Jatuporn Prompan and Nattawut Sai-keau, on the party list because the party wants to make sure they become MPs without too much risk.
The way to calculate the number of candidates from each party elected in the party-list system is as follows:
For example, 8 parties field candidates in the party-list system and each party gets the following number of votes:
No Threshold on List PR System
The amendments have dropped the 5% threshold for seats in the party-list system. In the 2007 election, parties were required to meet the threshold to gain a seat, which hurt small parties like Mahachon which got 3% of the votes but no seat.
Implications
The nearly 60% increase in the number of party-list seats is set to benefit large, well-established parties, which in this case include only the Democrats and Pheua Thai. Smaller parties that rest largely on their leaders' personal networks or reputation, such as Purachai's Rak Santi Party, Chart Thai Pattana of the Silapa-Acha family or General Sonthi's Matubhumi Party, are likely to do well in the constituency system, especially in each leader's district. But voters tend to vote for major parties, who they believe should be forming the government, in the party-list system. It's no wonder that when the Democrats proposed a change in the number of party-list seats earlier this year, Abhisit's already shaky coalition nearly collapsed as all the coalition partners opposed the change. The proposal survived the joint parliamentary committee vetting draft panel only 18:17.[1] Moreover, an increase in party-list seats means a reduction in constituency seats as well as re-drawing the boundaries of electoral districts. Such re-districting also benefits larger parties that have the means and resources to get their vote canvassers out into these newly defined districts and garner support from voters.
The return of the single-seat constituency formula, which was used in the 2001 and 2005 elections, places large parties at a sizable advantage. True, small parties could have a shot at a seat by campaigning heavily in districts where they're strongest, but that will likely not counterbalance the number of votes larger parties are set to gain. Dr. Parinya Tewarnnamitkul from the Law Faculty of Thammasat University has calculated that Chart Thai Party got 9.7% of the vote but only 18 MPs in the single-member constituency system used in the 2005 election. In 2007, however, the party received 30 MPs from 9% of the votes.[2] The 2005/2011 system essentially gives fewer MPs to small parties.
Yet it's not all doom for small parties. As the Bangkok Post notes[3], "What favors small parties is the change from the multi-seat constituency used in the 2007 poll, to the single-seat format and the lifting of the 5% requirement of total votes for a party to be eligible to have MPs from the party list." Perhaps, a small one-man show party like Rak Prathet Thai Party of Chuwit Kamolvisit – the massage parlor chao pho – could even get 1 party-list seat.
[1] The vetting committee consists of 19 Democrats, 15 MPs from other political parties and 11 Senators, without any representatives from the main opposition party, Peua Thai, which boycotted constitutional amendments (The Nation, January 13,2011).
[2] Matichon, "Parinya notes new electoral system puts small parties at a disadvantage; Puea Thai's got advantage," November 10, 2010.
[3] Bangkok Post "Amendments improve chance for smaller parties", February 2, 2011
| « เมื่อ: วันนี้ เวลา 04:34:17 PM » |


เรียน รองนายกรัฐมนตรีสุเทพ
ตามที่สื่อมวลชนไทยรายงาน เราได้รับทราบมาว่าเมื่อไม่นานมานี้ ท่านได้ข่มขู่ผมในฐานะที่ผมเป็นที่ปรึกษาทางกฎหมายของสมาชิกฝ่ายตรงข้ามทางการเมืองในประเทศไทย และมันไม่ใช่แค่เพียงข่มขู่จะดำเนินคดีกับผม แต่ยังมีคำขู่แบบไม่เฉพาะเจาะจงว่าวันหนึ่งผมต้อง “เจอ” หากพิจารณาการกระทำก่อนหน้านี้ของสมาชิกรัฐบาลท่านและตัวท่านเอง ผมมีเหตุผลอย่างดีที่จะแสดงออกถึงความกังวลใจเป็นพิเศษในเรื่องการใช้กระบวนการกฎหมายป้ายสีผม การกระทำเหล่านี้เข้าใจได้ว่า เป็นวิธีการข่มขวัญที่รัฐบาลคุณใช้จัดการกับผู้วิพากษ์วิจารณ์ชาวต่างชาติ รวมถึงการจับกุมพลเมืองสหรัฐและรังควาญนักวิชาการต่างชาติเมื่อไม่นานมานี้ด้วย
ผมเกรงว่าคำขู่ของท่านจะถูกเปิดโปงต่อกลุ่มคนที่ติดตามผลงานของเรามาตลอด การวิจารณ์และเรียกร้องให้ผู้นำพรรคประชาธิปัตย์รับผิดต่อการละเมิดสิทธิมนุษยชนไม่ใช่การโจมตีประเทศไทยหรือสถาบันต่างๆของประเทศ หากมันเป็นการโจมตีประเทศไทยจริง ไม่ใช่เพียงตัวแทนกฎหมายของเราควรจะถูกท้าทายเท่านั้น แต่องค์กรระหว่างประเทศอย่าง ฮิวแมนไรท์วอซซ์และคณะกรรมาธิการนักกฎหมาย (Commission of Jurists) ที่เน้นย้ำให้เห็นถึงการทำลายสิทธิมนุษยชนของรัฐบาลท่านควรจะถูกท้าทายด้วยเช่นกัน เราทำงานใกล้ชิดร่วมกับกลุ่มนักกฎหมายไทยมาตั้งแต่เริ่มต้น เพื่อประกันว่าการดำเนินงานของเราจะมีความสอดคล้องกับกฎหมายของไทยและกฎหมายระหว่างประเทศ และเรายังคงทำเช่นนั้น ทั้งยังให้ความสนใจกับรายละเอียดและเคารพกฎหมายไทยอย่างเคร่งครัด ทีมงานและพยานทำงานอย่างหนักเพื่อช่วยเรารวบรวมและเผยแพร่หลักฐานอาชญากรรมของรัฐบาลท่าน ในทางกลับกัน เรายังรอให้รัฐบาลท่านแสดงหลักฐานพิสูจน์ข้อกล่าวหาต่อบุคคลที่ขัดขืนการปกครองของคุณ
การสร้างสภาพแวดล้อมอันเป็นปรปักษ์ต่อที่ปรึกษากฎหมายของฝ่ายตรงข้ามในการทำงานที่สำคัญเพื่อสนับสนุนระบบนิติรัฐเป็นสิ่งที่ทำลายประเทศไทย คำขู่ของท่านและรัฐบาลท่านเกี่ยวกับการคุกคามทางการเมืองมีส่วนทำให้ชื่อเสียงของประเทศไทยแย่ลงในสายตาของประชาคมโลก การกระทำของท่านและพรรคประชาธิปัตย์ที่ใช้ศาลยุติธรรมเป็นเครื่องมือกดขี่ฝ่ายตรงข้ามและปกปิดการละเมิดสิทธิมนุษยชนอย่างต่อเนื่องได้ถูกเปิดโปงแล้วทั้งในประเทศและนอกประเทศ
ในวันที่ 2 มิถุนายน ศาลจะไต่สวนแกนนำเสื้อแดง 17 คน และหลายคนกลัวว่าสิ่งที่แย่ที่สุดจะเกิดขึ้น: นั้นคือเรื่องพรรคประชาธิปัตย์จะใช้วิธีการแบบเผด็จการและไม่ชอบด้วยกฎหมายคุมขังแกนนำฝ่ายตรงข้ามเหล่านี้ด้วยข้อหาจอมปลอม ซึ่งจะกระทบกับความชอบธรรมและความน่าเชื่อถือของการเลือกตั้งทั่วไปที่กำลังจะมาถึง เพื่อให้เข้าใจในบริบทที่กว้างหว่า ผมขอเชิญทุกท่านให้อ่านคำขู่ของท่านต่อผม ร่วมกับคำแถลงการณ์ร่วมของผมกับแกนนำเสื้อแดง นางธิดา ถาวรเศรษฐ
ความพยายามของท่านและรัฐบาลท่านที่จะกดขี่และทำให้คนเสื้อแดงท้อแท้นั้นไม่เป็นที่ประสบความสำเร็จ ประชาชนชาวไทยสมควรได้รับการเลือกตั้งที่อิสระและยุติธรรม สำนักงานกฎหมายผมรวมรวมข้อมูลของการกระทำหลายอย่างของพรรคท่านและกองทัพที่ใช้บั่นทอนเจตจำนงของประชาชน เราแนะนำให้ท่านอย่าเดินซ้ำรอยประวัติการใช้ความรุนแรงที่ไม่ชอบด้วยกฎหมายแลกดขี่ฝ่ายตรงข้ามทางการเมืองอย่างเผด็จการของพรรคท่าน เราแนะนำให้ท่านร่วมมือตามบทบาทของท่าน โดยให้ยุติกิจกรรมในพรรคของท่านที่เคลื่อนไหวร่วมกันทหาร โดยใช้กองทัพเพื่อรักษาไว้ซึ่งอำนาจครอบงำการเมืองอย่างผิดกฎหมาย
ในวันสุดท้ายของการดำรงตำแหน่งรองนายกรัฐมนตรี ผมแนะนำให้ท่านประพฤติตัวด้วยความเอื้ออารีและมีศักดิ์ศรี เพื่อให้สมกับตำแหน่งในระดับสูงของท่าน
โรเบิร์ต อัมสเตอร์ดัม
A group of red-shirts of the June 24 for Democracy Group rallied and laid red roses and red paper birds in front of the Bangkok Remand Prison on Monday morning.
Songchai Wimolpatranont, the group chairman, said the activity was to mark the first month of the detention of Somyot Prueksakasemsuk, a core member of the group, who is being detained on lese majeste charges.
He called for those in power in the government to stop using Article 112 of Criminal Code, which relates to lese majeste, to intimidate the people and infringe on their rights and liberties.

Key red-shirt supporter Somyot Prueksakasemsuk (Photo by Pawat Laopaisarntaksin)
Mr Songsai also asked the director-general of the Corrections Department to take good care of the red-shirts still in detention at various prisons.
The group would set up a stage in front of the Bangkok Remand Prison on Monday evening and its members would take turns speaking. The activity would end before midnight, he said.
Meanwhile, the Department of Special Investigation (DSI) said on Monday it arrested Lerpong Wichaikhammat last week on a charge of lese majeste as a Thai citizen, even though he also holds US citizenship
DSI deputy chief Yanpol Yangyuen said his department regards Mr Lerpong as a Thai because he still holds Thai nationality.
Mr Lerpong applied for a new ID card in 2009. He opened a language school and had a trading business in Nakhon Ratchasima's Wang Nam Khiew district.
Mr Lerpong is also still receiving a 500 baht monthly subsistence allowance from the War Veterans Organisation, Pol Col Yanpol said.
When arrested last week, Mr Lerpong said he is not a Thai citizen and had told foreign news media that he was a foreigner being arrested and charged in Thailand, Pol Col Yanpol said.
The DSI had supplied the US embassy with this information, he said.
The DSI had evidence enough to charge Mr Lerpong, also known as Joe W. Gordon, 55, with lese majeste, he said.
The evidence included an IP address and communication equipment which showed he operated the website "Nor Por Chor USA" from his house in Nakhon Ratchasima. Thai alphabet characters Nor Por Chor were then widely used initials for the Thai name of the United Front for Democracy against Dictatorship (UDD).
Mr Lerpong posted articles containing lese majeste content on the website using the name of Sin Sae Jiew, according to the DSI deputy chief said.
Pol Col Yanpol said the DSI had spent more than two years investigating Mr Lerpong's activities, not just a few days, before his arrest.
May 30th 2011, 7:32 by The Economist | DUBAI
FOR those who pay more attention to English football than Thai politics, Thaksin Shinawatra might be best known as the former owner of Manchester City Football Club. He ran the club for one season, splashed out on new players, then sold it in 2008 to the ruling family in Abu Dhabi—who promptly pumped it full of petrodollars. Their payoff came this past season with an FA Cup victory, the club's first trophy in decades, and third place in the Premier League.
Mr Thaksin, a telecoms tycoon turned politician, is rich. But the sheiks of Abu Dhabi are richer. He jokes that they do not have merely deep pockets, they have many pockets. It certainly takes serious dosh to run a top European club. Mr Thaksin insists that he is no longer in that league, if he ever was. His legal troubles in Thailand have not helped: the country's supreme court last year seized $1.3 billion of his frozen assets.
Now Mr Thaksin has his eye back on a less-than-beautiful game: Thai politics. He is banking on a political party headed by his younger sister to win elections on July 3rd and score another blow to the Thai establishment that tried and failed to bury his career. At his luxury villa in Dubai, Mr Thaksin receives a constant flow of visitors, including your correspondent, who joined him recently for tea and conversation.
Mr Thaksin is upbeat about the election. He predicts that his Pheu Thai party could win 270 out of 500 seats in parliament and form the next government. Opinion polls suggest that no one party will cross the threshold for single-party rule; the winner will have to form a coalition. But it is clear that Pheu Thai poses a stiff challenge to the Democrat Party led by the prime minister, Abhisit Vejjajiva, who was installed with support from the army.
Ever since Mr Abhisit called elections last month, Thais have been speculating as to whether the establishment might pull the plug on the whole process, in order to stop Mr Thaksin's party from taking power. The ultra-nationalist (and anti-Thaksin) yellow shirts have urged a suspension of democracy under a royalist government. Asked by reporters about coup plots, hawkish army generals serve up boilerplate denials—just as they did before ousting Mr Thaksin in 2006.
Mr Thaksin seems untroubled by such chatter. Elections will go ahead, he insists, and cheaters beware. "If you rig the elections, then the people know," he warns. He wants Pheu Thai to invite smaller parties into a coalition, even if the party's numbers were sufficient to support a single-party government. They would be the "ferns" in a flower arrangement to make it more beautiful, he says.
For Thailand's royalist generals, a victory for Mr Thaksin's allies is a queasy prospect. Their red-shirt supporters have vowed to punish those who ordered and carried out last year's crackdown on their protests. Pheu Thai also wants to amend the current constitution, which was drafted under military rule. If there were any doubt about the ties between the party and the man in Dubai, consider one of its campaign slogans: "Thaksin Thinks, Pheu Thai Acts".
And that is not all. Pheu Thai has pledged that it would bring Mr Thaksin home. He recently told supporters that he would return in November 2011, and this remains his goal. "When I say something, I mean it," he said. For now, though, he is a fugitive from Thai justice. He travels on a passport not from Thailand but from Montenegro. A two-year jail term passed in absentia for corruption awaits him in Thailand.
So the party has proposed an amnesty for participants in Thailand's recent political struggle, including, no doubt, their spiritual leader, Mr Thaksin. "If you really want to reconcile, you have to forget the past and look ahead for the future," he says.
Easier said than done. The former prime minister is loved and loathed by roughly equal proportions of the electorate. Reconciliation is a hard sell in the zero-sum game of Thai politics. Even harder, perhaps, than turning Manchester City into the champions of the Premier League.